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量子計算機（quantum computer）利用“量子”，量子能以任何疊加而不是常規設備中的位（0或1）存在。因此，某些計算可以并行執行，并且比以前更快，從而解決目前不可企及的常規計算能力的諸多問題。量子計算機的運行速度要快幾千倍，這就帶來了全新的可能性，譬如，搜索大型數據庫，支持化學或物理模擬，設計材料（material design）等。不過，這種運行能力也有助于對當前使用的加密算法進行解碼，而這如用現有的技術來解碼幾乎是不可能的。
A quantum computer uses “qubits” that can exist in any superposition rather than bits （0 or 1） in a conventional device. Consequently, certain calculations can be performed simultaneously and far faster than ever before, solving problems that would require unattainable amounts of conventional computing power today. With operations that are thousands of times faster, quantum computers offer new possibilities, for instance, for searching large databases, for chemical or physical simulations, and in material design, etc. However, this operating power may also allow the decoding of currently used encryption algorithms that are practically impossible to decode with technologies available today.
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